In January, Japan's real wages decreased, intensifying inflationary pressures.

According to the latest data from Japan's Ministry of Health,What are the cross-border e-commerce platforms Labour and Welfare, Japan's real wages adjusted for inflation in January fell by 1.8% year-on-year, ending the growth trend of the previous two months. Although base wages rose by 3.1% year-on-year, the highest increase since 1992, and overtime pay also increased by 3.1%, consumer inflation rose to 4.7%, the highest level since January 2023, continuing to erode actual purchasing power. In the context of high inflation, wage growth has not effectively increased real income, potentially posing a challenge to Japan's consumption-driven economic growth model.

Spring Wage Negotiations Draw Attention

In response to inflationary pressures, Japan's largest trade union organization, RENGO, announced last week that member unions plan to seek an average 6.09% wage increase in this year's spring wage negotiations. If achieved, this would represent the highest increase in over 30 years. The spring wage negotiations typically conclude in mid-March, and their results influence not only the wages of union members but also serve as a reference standard for wage adjustments in other companies.

Officials from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare noted that the impact of the spring wage negotiations typically appears in wage data from April onward. Therefore, the Bank of Japan will closely monitor the final results of the wage negotiations to assess the sustainability of wage growth and its impact on inflation. The market widely expects that the Bank of Japan will maintain interest rates at its policy meeting on March 18-19 to observe whether wage growth is sufficient to support economic recovery.

Potential Impact on the Yen

The decline in Japan's real wages in January coupled with high inflation could have a complex impact on the yen's trajectory. On one hand, decreased purchasing power may suppress consumer spending, thereby dragging down economic growth and putting downward pressure on the yen. On the other hand, if the spring wage negotiations result in significant pay increases, it may boost market confidence in Japan's economic recovery, thereby supporting the yen. Furthermore, the Bank of Japan's policy stance will be a crucial factor; if the central bank believes wage growth is sufficient to drive stable inflation, it may provide support for the yen.

At 09:07 Beijing time, the dollar/yen exchange rate was reported at 147.31/32. The market will closely monitor the progress of the spring wage negotiations and the policy decisions at the Bank of Japan's March meeting to determine the future trajectory of the yen.

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